BELEN — If a picture is really worth a 1,000 words, then Ronnie Torres’ vast collection of black and white photos of Belen is a novel worth reading.

Torres will have more than 300 photos on exhibit in his show, “Belen in Black and White” from 3-8 p.m., Saturday, July 29; and from 1-4 p.m., Sunday, July 30, at Studio 508 on Becker Avenue in Belen.

Torres, a former president of the Valencia County Historical Society, has been collecting black and white photos of the Hub City for more than 25 years, back when he was mayor of Belen.

Clara Garcia | News-Bulletin photo
Ronnie Torres, former Belen mayor and city councilor and local business owner, is displaying hundreds of old photos of Belen he’s acquired over the years.

“I love old pictures and the history of Belen,” Torres said. “I like to see what once was.”

Torres, who co-owns Hair Innovations in Belen, said he’s found that the Hub City continues to change, saying he’s been able to see through the photos the different uses of buildings throughout different decades.

“People will remember one thing, and other people will remember something else,” he said. “That’s what’s really cool because (the buildings) were memories for different reasons for different people.”

Torres said after going through his collection for the show, he’s inspired to create a different sort of map — a layered version of Belen — to show the difference of Belen through the decades.

While he always enjoyed his own family photos from days gone by, it wasn’t until Torres’ customers would talk to him about their own that he started collecting.

“Clair Ellermeyer and others had a lot of neat, old pictures,” Torres said. “I just started collecting. They would bring them in to me, and I’d make a copy and give them back.”

Torres said while others were more than willing to share their pictures and history with him, others would kindly refuse.

“I just hope people would reconsider because if when they’re gone and their kids throw the pictures away, I’m afraid they’ll lose the history,” he said. “If they share it with someone, and they document it, then the history will live on.

“It’s best to let other people see it,” Torres said. “What good is history if you don’t share it?”

Torres said some people might think their old photos might not be “worthy” of sharing, but he says everyone’s history is worth a walk down memory lane.

“Just because a family didn’t have a business or something like that, their photos of their family holding a matanza, being in a parade, at school — it’s all our history, our heritage of this community,” he said.

Little by little, Torres’ collection grew when people would bring him their photos. In all, he said, he probably has about 500 black and white photos — some of which are duplicates and others that aren’t very clear.

Torres’ photo collection, he says, is very diverse, including some personal photos, such as special events like numerous weddings, First Holy Communions and more.

He said nowadays, he’ll ask someone to take a picture of an old photo with their phones, and he’ll print it out.

“It’s not the same just having photos on your phone,” he said. “These old photos are so clear, and it’s so nice to be able to just handle them and look at all the details.”

As you look at this huge collection of photos, the history of the Hub City is clear as well as coincidental. The memories of what once was collides with what is here today, Torres said.

One of his favorite photos is the large black and white picture of what must be hundreds of local children packed into the Oñate Theater on Dalies Avenue. Another is a photo of an old bakery, Jenny’s, on Becker Avenue where the owner had the bakery on the first floor and they lived on the second floor.

At the show, Torres has set out sticky notes and pens for people to share their memories of a particular photo on display. The former mayor says while he knows a lot about the history of Belen, he doesn’t know everything.

“I just hope people will share their memories with me and the community,” he said. “I really want people to fill in the blanks of Belen.

“I want people to jog their memories, and to remember all the things they did back then,” Torres said. “I want them to be inspired to go home and dig out their old photos and share their history with their own kids and grandkids.”

function molonguiHandleTab(myRadio)
{
let mabId = myRadio.id.slice( myRadio.id.lastIndexOf(‘-‘)+1 );
document.querySelector( ‘#mab-‘+mabId+’ .m-a-box-tabs nav label.m-a-box-tab.m-a-box-tab-active’ ).classList.remove( ‘m-a-box-tab-active’ );
document.querySelector( ‘label[for=’+myRadio.id+’]’ ).classList.add( ‘m-a-box-tab-active’ );
}

Clara Garcia | News-Bulletin Editor

Clara Garcia is the editor and publisher of the Valencia County News-Bulletin.
She is a native of the city of Belen, beginning her journalism career at the News-Bulletin in 1998 as the crime and courts reporter. During her time at the paper, Clara has won numerous awards for her writing, photography and typography and design both from the National Newspaper Association and the New Mexico Press Association.

Related Posts

Band leaves No Doubt about good-time ska mix

May 15, 2002

Super 8 in Belen shut down

August 19, 2021

Classes to begin at new Workforce Training Center

January 13, 2022

One new COVID-19 case in Valencia County

June 4, 2020

eEdition

Newspaper Ads

Special Sections

Congrats 2023 Graduates!

Congrats 2023 Graduates!

window.option_df_56171 = {“webgl”:”false”,”outline”:[],”backgroundColor”:”#fff”,”height”:”402″,”forceFit”:”true”,”autoEnableOutline”:”false”,”autoEnableThumbnail”:”false”,”overwritePDFOutline”:”false”,”direction”:”1″,”pageSize”:”0″,”source”:”https://news-bulletin.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Congrats-2023-Valencia-County-Graduates.pdf”,”wpOptions”:”true”}; if(window.DFLIP && window.DFLIP.parseBooks){window.DFLIP.parseBooks();}

2023 Valencia County Welcome Guide

2023 Valencia County Welcome Guide

window.option_df_55635 = {“webgl”:”false”,”outline”:[],”backgroundColor”:”#fff”,”height”:”400″,”forceFit”:”true”,”autoEnableOutline”:”false”,”autoEnableThumbnail”:”false”,”overwritePDFOutline”:”false”,”direction”:”1″,”pageSize”:”0″,”source”:”https://news-bulletin.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/VCNB-2023-Welcome-Guide.pdf”,”wpOptions”:”true”}; if(window.DFLIP && window.DFLIP.parseBooks){window.DFLIP.parseBooks();}
View More Special Sections

var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];

googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.defineSlot( ‘/245294876/RR1_300x250_NB’, [300,250], ‘gpt-ad-3641446189236-0’ )
.addService(googletag.pubads());
googletag.enableServices();
googletag.display( ‘gpt-ad-3641446189236-0’ );
});

News Stream

• 
  Community DataBank: Local Government Meetings (July 20)

• 
  Community DataBank: Local Government Meetings (July 13)

• 
  Community DataBank: Local Government Meetings (July 6)

• 
  Community DataBank: Local Government Meetings (June 29, 2023)

• 
  Community DataBank: Local Government Meetings (June 22, 2023)

• 
  Community DataBank: Local Government Meetings (June 15)

Local Weather

BELEN WEATHER

!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=’https://weatherwidget.io/js/widget.min.js’;fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,’script’,’weatherwidget-io-js’);

Popular Stories

• 
  

  Los Lunas teacher honored with prestigious fellowship
  

  759 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  Flyers misunderstood
  

  690 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  BUSINESS LEADERS OF VALENCIA COUNTY: Sweet, sour and spice flavor at Teri’s Sweet Garden
  

  649 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  Pebbles of positivity
  

  626 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  ARVC Volleyball Academy
  

  624 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  High school football season kicks off in county Aug. 18
  

  619 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  Local farmers markets return for the season
  

  593 July 20, 2023

• 
  

  Finalists selected for new Los Lunas Schools superintendent
  

  579 July 20, 2023

var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];

googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.defineSlot( ‘/245294876/RR2_300x250_NB’, [300,250], ‘gpt-ad-7959262233030-0’ )
.addService(googletag.pubads());
googletag.enableServices();
googletag.display( ‘gpt-ad-7959262233030-0’ );
});

Valencia County News-Bulletin

var et_link_options_data = [{“class”:”et_pb_text_1_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://www.abqjournal.com/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_2_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://rrobserver.com/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_3_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://dchieftain.com/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_5_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/contact-us/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_6_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/about-news-bulletin-staff/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_7_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/subscribe/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_8_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/site-forms/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_9_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/print-subscribers-access-request/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_11_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/advertise-with-us/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_12_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://news-bulletin.com/place-a-legal-ad/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_13_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://classifiedsnm.com/marketplace/news-bulletin/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_14_tb_footer”,”url”:”https://securepayment.link/abqjournal/”,”target”:”_blank”},{“class”:”et_pb_text_21_tb_footer”,”url”:”mailto:vcnb@news-bulletin.com”,”target”:”_self”}];

/* Original: https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Libre+Franklin:100,200,300,regular,500,600,700,800,900,100italic,200italic,300italic,italic,500italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,900italic|IBM+Plex+Sans:100,100italic,200,200italic,300,300italic,regular,italic,500,500italic,600,600italic,700,700italic|Lato:100,100italic,300,300italic,regular,italic,700,700italic,900,900italic|Montserrat:100,200,300,regular,500,600,700,800,900,100italic,200italic,300italic,italic,500italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,900italic&subset=latin,latin-ext&display=swap *//* User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Unknown; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/538.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Safari/538.1 Daum/4.1 */@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX8KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmdJZFUdc.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTm2IdcePfr.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmvIRcePfr.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX-KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTuGaZM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTm5IVcePfr.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmyIJcePfr.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmrINcePfr.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX-KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjbLuGaZM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjR7_AI9scQ.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjXr8AI9scQ.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYXgKVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhd_eEA.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjSL9AI9scQ.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjQ76AI9scQ.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjWr7AI9scQ.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u-w4BMUTPHjxsIPx-mPCc.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI9w2_FQfo.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u8w4BMUTPHjxsAUi-v.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI5wq_FQfo.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI3wi_FQfo.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u8w4BMUTPHh30AUi-v.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh7USSwaPHA.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjxAwWw.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwaPHA.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh50XSwaPHA.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZ8ReDFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05ob8RODFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oYiRODFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZ8RODFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZORODFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oaiQ-DFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oabQ-DFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05ob8Q-DFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05obVQ-DFR-M.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhLsSkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhrsWkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhcMWkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhLsWkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhHMWkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduh8MKkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhycKkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhrsKkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhh8KkDtDM.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq6R8WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqyR9WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq_p9WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq6R9WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq5Z9WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq3p6WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq0N6WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqyR6WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqw16WXZ0ow.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtr6Xw3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvr6Hw3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCs16Hw3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtr6Hw3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtZ6Hw3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCu173w3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCuM73w3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvr73w3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvC73w3aX8.ttf) format(‘truetype’);}/* User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0 */@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX8KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmdJZFUdQ.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTm2IdcePfo.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmvIRcePfo.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX-KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTuGaZP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTm5IVcePfo.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmyIJcePfo.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmrINcePfo.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX-KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjbLuGaZP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjR7_AI9scg.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjXr8AI9scg.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYXgKVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhd_eEw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjSL9AI9scg.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjQ76AI9scg.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjWr7AI9scg.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u-w4BMUTPHjxsIPx-mPCQ.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI9w2_FQfr.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u8w4BMUTPHjxsAUi-s.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI5wq_FQfr.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI3wi_FQfr.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u8w4BMUTPHh30AUi-s.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh7USSwaPHw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjxAwWA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwaPHw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh50XSwaPHw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZ8ReDFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05ob8RODFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oYiRODFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZ8RODFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZORODFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oaiQ-DFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oabQ-DFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05ob8Q-DFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05obVQ-DFR-A.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhLsSkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhrsWkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhcMWkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhLsWkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhHMWkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduh8MKkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhycKkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhrsKkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhh8KkDtDP.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq6R8WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqyR9WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq_p9WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq6R9WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq5Z9WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq3p6WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq0N6WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqyR6WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqw16WXZ0oA.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtr6Xw3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvr6Hw3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCs16Hw3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtr6Hw3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtZ6Hw3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCu173w3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCuM73w3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvr73w3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvC73w3aXw.woff) format(‘woff’);}/* User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; rv:39.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/39.0 */@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX8KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmdJZFUdI.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTm2IdcePfu.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmvIRcePfu.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX-KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTuGaZJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTm5IVcePfu.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmyIJcePfu.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX7KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhdTmrINcePfu.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX-KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjbLuGaZJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjR7_AI9sdA.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjXr8AI9sdA.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYXgKVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKhd_eFQ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjSL9AI9sdA.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjQ76AI9sdA.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘IBM Plex Sans’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ibmplexsans/v19/zYX9KVElMYYaJe8bpLHnCwDKjWr7AI9sdA.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u-w4BMUTPHjxsIPx-mPCI.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI9w2_FQft.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u8w4BMUTPHjxsAUi-q.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI5wq_FQft.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u_w4BMUTPHjxsI3wi_FQft.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u8w4BMUTPHh30AUi-q.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh7USSwaPGQ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjxAwXg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwaPGQ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Lato’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh50XSwaPGQ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZ8ReDFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05ob8RODFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oYiRODFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZ8RODFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oZORODFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oaiQ-DFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05oabQ-DFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05ob8Q-DFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizMREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRiUawTk7f45UM9y05obVQ-DFR-Y.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhLsSkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhrsWkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhcMWkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhLsWkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhHMWkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduh8MKkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhycKkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhrsKkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Libre Franklin’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/librefranklin/v13/jizOREVItHgc8qDIbSTKq4XkRg8T88bjFuXOnduhh8KkDtDJ.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq6R8WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqyR9WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq_p9WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq6R9WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq5Z9WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq3p6WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jq0N6WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqyR6WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: italic;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUFjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wx7xQYXK0vOoz6jqw16WXZ0pg.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 100;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtr6Xw3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 200;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvr6Hw3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 300;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCs16Hw3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtr6Hw3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 500;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCtZ6Hw3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 600;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCu173w3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 700;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCuM73w3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 800;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvr73w3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}@font-face {font-family: ‘Montserrat’;font-style: normal;font-weight: 900;font-display: swap;src: url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v25/JTUHjIg1_i6t8kCHKm4532VJOt5-QNFgpCvC73w3aXo.woff2) format(‘woff2’);}
window._taboola = window._taboola || [];
_taboola.push({flush: true});

:root{ –m-a-box-bp: 600px; –m-a-box-bp-l: 599px; }.m-a-box {width:100%;margin-top:20px !important;margin-right:0 !important;margin-bottom:20px !important;margin-left:0 !important;} .m-a-box-header {margin-bottom:20px;} .m-a-box-header > :first-child, .m-a-box-header a.m-a-box-header-url {font-size:18px;line-height:px;text-transform:none;text-align:left;color:inherit;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav {-webkit-justify-content: space-between; -ms-justify-content: space-between; justify-content: space-between;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav label {-webkit-flex-grow: 1; -ms-flex-grow: 1; flex-grow: 1;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav {background-color:#000000;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav label.m-a-box-tab {background-color:#f4f4f4;color:inherit;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav label.m-a-box-tab.m-a-box-tab-active {background-color:#e6e6e6;color:inherit80;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav label.m-a-box-tab.m-a-box-tab-active {border:4px solid orange; border-left-style:none; border-right-style:none; border-bottom-style:none;}.m-a-box .m-a-box-tabs nav label.m-a-box-tab {border-width:4px; border-color:orange; border-bottom-style:none;} .m-a-box-container {padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;border-style:solid;border-top-width:3px;border-right-width:0;border-bottom-width:3px;border-left-width:0;border-color:#adadad;background-color:#007641;box-shadow:10px 10px 10px #ababab ;} .m-a-box-avatar img, .m-a-box-avatar div[data-avatar-type=”acronym”] {border-style:none;border-width:2px;border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:0%;} .m-a-box-name * {font-size:22px;line-height:px;text-transform:none;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;} .m-a-box-container[min-width~=”600px”] .m-a-box-content.m-a-box-profile .m-a-box-data .m-a-box-name * {text-align:left;} .m-a-box-content.m-a-box-profile .m-a-box-data .m-a-box-meta {text-align:left;} .m-a-box-content.m-a-box-profile .m-a-box-data .m-a-box-meta * {font-size:12px;line-height:px;text-transform:none;color:#ffffff;} .m-a-box-meta-divider {padding:0 0.2em;} .m-a-box-bio > * {font-size:15px;line-height:15px;text-align:justify;color:#c2d6c2;} .m-icon-container {background-color: inherit; border-color: inherit; color: #999999 !important;font-size:20px;} .m-a-box-related-entry-title, .m-a-box-related-entry-title a {font-size:15px;text-transform:none;font-style:#ffffff;}

jQuery(function(jQuery){jQuery.datepicker.setDefaults({“closeText”:”Close”,”currentText”:”Today”,”monthNames”:[“January”,”February”,”March”,”April”,”May”,”June”,”July”,”August”,”September”,”October”,”November”,”December”],”monthNamesShort”:[“Jan”,”Feb”,”Mar”,”Apr”,”May”,”Jun”,”Jul”,”Aug”,”Sep”,”Oct”,”Nov”,”Dec”],”nextText”:”Next”,”prevText”:”Previous”,”dayNames”:[“Sunday”,”Monday”,”Tuesday”,”Wednesday”,”Thursday”,”Friday”,”Saturday”],”dayNamesShort”:[“Sun”,”Mon”,”Tue”,”Wed”,”Thu”,”Fri”,”Sat”],”dayNamesMin”:[“S”,”M”,”T”,”W”,”T”,”F”,”S”],”dateFormat”:”MM d, yy”,”firstDay”:0,”isRTL”:false});});

/* */

/* */

“use strict”;var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i<props.length;i++){var descriptor=props[i];descriptor.enumerable=descriptor.enumerable||!1,descriptor.configurable=!0,"value"in descriptor&&(descriptor.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(target,descriptor.key,descriptor)}}return function(Constructor,protoProps,staticProps){return protoProps&&defineProperties(Constructor.prototype,protoProps),staticProps&&defineProperties(Constructor,staticProps),Constructor}}();function _classCallCheck(instance,Constructor){if(!(instance instanceof Constructor))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker=function(){function RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker(options){_classCallCheck(this,RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker),this.passiveSupported=!1,this._checkPassiveOption(this),this.options=!!this.passiveSupported&&options}return _createClass(RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker,[{key:"_checkPassiveOption",value:function(self){try{var options={get passive(){return!(self.passiveSupported=!0)}};window.addEventListener("test",null,options),window.removeEventListener("test",null,options)}catch(err){self.passiveSupported=!1}}},{key:"initRequestIdleCallback",value:function(){!1 in window&&(window.requestIdleCallback=function(cb){var start=Date.now();return setTimeout(function(){cb({didTimeout:!1,timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,50-(Date.now()-start))}})},1)}),!1 in window&&(window.cancelIdleCallback=function(id){return clearTimeout(id)})}},{key:"isDataSaverModeOn",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&!0===navigator.connection.saveData}},{key:"supportsLinkPrefetch",value:function(){var elem=document.createElement("link");return elem.relList&&elem.relList.supports&&elem.relList.supports("prefetch")&&window.IntersectionObserver&&"isIntersecting"in IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype}},{key:"isSlowConnection",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&"effectiveType"in navigator.connection&&("2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType||"slow-2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType)}}]),RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker}();

/* */

(function() {
“use strict”;var r=”function”==typeof Symbol&&”symbol”==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&”function”==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?”symbol”:typeof e},e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}return function(e,t,n){return t&&i(e.prototype,t),n&&i(e,n),e}}();function i(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t=function(){function n(e,t){i(this,n),this.browser=e,this.config=t,this.options=this.browser.options,this.prefetched=new Set,this.eventTime=null,this.threshold=1111,this.numOnHover=0}return e(n,[{key:"init",value:function(){!this.browser.supportsLinkPrefetch()||this.browser.isDataSaverModeOn()||this.browser.isSlowConnection()||(this.regex={excludeUris:RegExp(this.config.excludeUris,"i"),images:RegExp(".("+this.config.imageExt+")$","i"),fileExt:RegExp(".("+this.config.fileExt+")$","i")},this._initListeners(this))}},{key:"_initListeners",value:function(e){-1i.config.rateThrottle)return;i.numOnHover++,i._addPrefetchLink(e)},this.config.onHoverDelay);t.addEventListener(n,function e(){t.removeEventListener(n,e,{passive:!0}),null!==r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=null)},{passive:!0})}},{key:”_addPrefetchLink”,value:function(i){return this.prefetched.add(i.href),new Promise(function(e,t){var n=document.createElement(“link”);n.rel=”prefetch”,n.href=i.href,n.onload=e,n.onerror=t,document.head.appendChild(n)}).catch(function(){})}},{key:”_prepareUrl”,value:function(e){if(null===e||”object”!==(void 0===e?”undefined”:r(e))||!1 in e||-1===[“http:”,”https:”].indexOf(e.protocol))return null;var t=e.href.substring(0,this.config.siteUrl.length),n=this._getPathname(e.href,t),i={original:e.href,protocol:e.protocol,origin:t,pathname:n,href:t+n};return this._isLinkOk(i)?i:null}},{key:”_getPathname”,value:function(e,t){var n=t?e.substring(this.config.siteUrl.length):e;return n.startsWith(“/”)||(n=”/”+n),this._shouldAddTrailingSlash(n)?n+”/”:n}},{key:”_shouldAddTrailingSlash”,value:function(e){return this.config.usesTrailingSlash&&!e.endsWith(“/”)&&!this.regex.fileExt.test(e)}},{key:”_isLinkOk”,value:function(e){return null!==e&&”object”===(void 0===e?”undefined”:r(e))&&(!this.prefetched.has(e.href)&&e.origin===this.config.siteUrl&&-1===e.href.indexOf(“?”)&&-1===e.href.indexOf(“#”)&&!this.regex.excludeUris.test(e.href)&&!this.regex.images.test(e.href))}}],[{key:”run”,value:function(){“undefined”!=typeof RocketPreloadLinksConfig&&new n(new RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker({capture:!0,passive:!0}),RocketPreloadLinksConfig).init()}}]),n}();t.run();
}());

/* */

/* */

/* */

/* */

var molongui_authorship_front_params = {“byline_prefix”:””,”byline_suffix”:””,”byline_separator”:”, “,”byline_last_separator”:” and “,”byline_link_title”:”View all posts by”,”byline_link_class”:””,”byline_dom_tree”:””,”byline_dom_prepend”:””,”byline_dom_append”:””};var addBylineModifiers=function(){var r=”?m_bm=true”,e=document.querySelectorAll(‘a[href$=”‘+r+'”]’);Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,function(e,t){e.setAttribute(“href”,decodeURIComponent(e.getAttribute(“href”)).replace(r,””)),e.insertAdjacentHTML(“beforebegin”,molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_prefix+” “),e.insertAdjacentHTML(“afterend”,” “+molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_suffix)})},decodeMultiAuthorBylines=function(){var e=document.querySelectorAll(‘a[href*=”molongui_byline=true”]’);Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,function(e,t){var r=e.getAttribute(“href”),r=new URL(decodeURIComponent(r)),i=new URLSearchParams(r.search),n=r.origin,r=r.pathname,a=””;if(!i.has(“molongui_byline”))return!1;if(i.has(“lang”)&&(a=”?lang=”+i.get(“lang”)),””===e.innerText)return i.has(“m_main_disabled”)?e.removeAttribute(“href”):e.setAttribute(“href”,n+r+a),!1;var o,l=[molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_separator,molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_last_separator],s=e.innerText.split(new RegExp(l.join(“|”),”gi”)),u=(i.has(“m_main_disabled”)?(o=i.getAll(“mca”)).unshift(“molongui-disabled-link”):(p=r.replace(/^/|/$/g,””).split(“/”).pop(),r.replace(//$/g,””).replace(p,””),(o=i.getAll(“mca”)).unshift(n+r+a)),””),m=s.length,p=e.getAttribute(“class”),i=e.getAttribute(“target”),n=e.getAttribute(“rel”),r=e.getAttribute(“itemprop”),_=’class=”‘+(p?p+” “:””)+molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_link_class+'”‘,d=i?’target=”‘+i+'”‘:””,h=n?’rel=”‘+n+'”‘:””,c=r?’itemprop=”‘+r+'”‘:””,u=molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_dom_prepend;for(j=0;j=o.length?u+=b:u+=’‘+b+”“,j<m-1-1?u+=l[0]:j<m-1&&(u+=l[1])}u+=molongui_authorship_front_params.byline_dom_append,e.insertAdjacentHTML("afterend",u),e.parentNode.removeChild(e)})},disableEmptyLinks=function(){var e=document.querySelectorAll('a[href="#molongui-disabled-link"]');Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,function(e,t){e.classList.add("molongui-disabled-link"),e.removeAttribute("href")})},initBylines=function(){addBylineModifiers(),decodeMultiAuthorBylines(),disableEmptyLinks()};document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){initBylines();var e=document.body;new MutationObserver(function(e){Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,function(e,t){initBylines()})}).observe(e,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})});div.et_pb_section.et_pb_section_0_tb_footer{background-image:linear-gradient(180deg,#1c121d 0%,rgba(28,18,29,0.87) 100%),url(https://news-bulletin.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/VCNB-front_1360x800.jpg)!important}.et_pb_row_0_tb_footer{max-width:1300px}.et_pb_text_0_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_4_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_10_tb_footer.et_pb_text{color:#00bf6f!important}.et_pb_text_0_tb_footer{font-family:’Montserrat’,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;font-size:15px;margin-bottom:10px!important}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer.et_pb_text{color:#FFFFFF!important}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer.et_pb_text:hover{color:#ffffff!important}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer{font-weight:300;margin-bottom:10px!important}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer.et_pb_text,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer{transition:color 300ms ease 0ms,padding 300ms ease 0ms}.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer{font-weight:300;font-size:17px;margin-bottom:10px!important}.et_pb_text_4_tb_footer{font-family:’Montserrat’,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;font-size:14px;margin-bottom:10px!important}.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer{font-weight:300;font-size:15px;margin-bottom:10px!important}.et_pb_text_10_tb_footer{font-family:’Montserrat’,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;font-size:17px;margin-bottom:10px!important}.et_pb_text_15_tb_footer.et_pb_text{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.09)!important}.et_pb_text_15_tb_footer{font-weight:800;font-size:50px;margin-bottom:6px!important;width:516px}ul.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer a.icon{border-radius:50% 50% 50% 50%}ul.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer a{border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.31)}ul.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer{margin-bottom:-2px!important}.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer li a.icon:before{transition:color 300ms ease 0ms}ul.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer li a.icon{padding:8px}.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer li.et_pb_social_icon a.icon:before{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.31)}.et_pb_social_media_follow_0_tb_footer li.et_pb_social_icon a.icon:hover:before{color:#FFFFFF}.et_pb_social_media_follow_network_0_tb_footer a.icon,.et_pb_social_media_follow_network_1_tb_footer a.icon,.et_pb_social_media_follow_network_2_tb_footer a.icon{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0)!important}.et_pb_section_0_tb_footer{padding-top:45px;padding-bottom:88px;max-width:100%;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important}.et_pb_row_0_tb_footer.et_pb_row{padding-top:81px!important;padding-bottom:3px!important;padding-left:2%!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;padding-top:81px;padding-bottom:3px;padding-left:2%}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer:hover,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer:hover{padding-left:10px!important}@media only screen and (max-width:980px){.et_pb_text_0_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer{text-align:left}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_10_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer{font-size:15px;text-align:left}.et_pb_text_4_tb_footer{font-size:14px;text-align:left}}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.et_pb_section_0_tb_footer{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.et_pb_text_0_tb_footer{text-align:center;transform:translateX(-10px) translateY(0px)}.et_pb_text_1_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_2_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_3_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_6_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_7_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_8_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_9_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_11_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_12_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_13_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_14_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_16_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_17_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_18_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_19_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_20_tb_footer,.et_pb_text_21_tb_footer{font-size:15px;text-align:center}.et_pb_text_4_tb_footer{font-size:17px;text-align:center;transform:translateX(-10px) translateY(0px)}.et_pb_text_5_tb_footer{text-align:center}.et_pb_text_10_tb_footer{font-size:15px;text-align:center;transform:translateX(-10px) translateY(0px)}}.et_pb_section_1_tb_footer{padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:6px}.et_pb_section_1_tb_footer.et_pb_section{background-color:#007641!important}.et_pb_row_1_tb_footer.et_pb_row{padding-top:8px!important;padding-bottom:18px!important;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:18px}.et_pb_text_22_tb_footer.et_pb_text{color:#FFFFFF!important}.et_pb_text_22_tb_footer{font-size:17px}@media only screen and (max-width:980px){.et_pb_text_22_tb_footer{font-size:14px}}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.et_pb_text_22_tb_footer{font-size:10px}}window.advads_admin_bar_items = [{“title”:””,”type”:”ad”},{“title”:”Little Learners (URHR)”,”type”:”ad”},{“title”:”GAM: RR1_300x250_NB”,”type”:”ad”},{“title”:”GAM: RR2_300x250_NB”,”type”:”ad”},{“title”:”GAM: TOP_728x90_NB”,”type”:”ad”},{“title”:”Header – Homepage”,”type”:”placement”},{“title”:”GAM: TOP_728x90_NB”,”type”:”ad”},{“title”:”Header – Inside Pages”,”type”:”placement”}];!function(){window.advanced_ads_ready_queue=window.advanced_ads_ready_queue||[],advanced_ads_ready_queue.push=window.advanced_ads_ready;for(var d=0,a=advanced_ads_ready_queue.length;d<a;d++)advanced_ads_ready(advanced_ads_ready_queue[d])}();”undefined”!=typeof jQuery&&jQuery(document).ready(function(){“objectFit”in document.documentElement.style==!1&&(jQuery(“.cat-post-item figure”).removeClass(“cat-post-crop”),jQuery(“.cat-post-item figure”).addClass(“cat-post-crop-not-supported”)),(document.documentMode||/Edge/.test(navigator.userAgent))&&(jQuery(“.cat-post-item figure img”).height(“+=1”),window.setTimeout(function(){jQuery(“.cat-post-item figure img”).height(“-=1”)},0))});
if (typeof jQuery !== ‘undefined’) {

var cat_posts_namespace = window.cat_posts_namespace || {};
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text = cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text || {};
cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size = cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size || {};

cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text = {

preWrap : function (widget) {
// var _widget = jQuery(widget);
jQuery(widget).find(‘.cat-post-item’).each(function(){
var _that = jQuery(this);
_that.find(‘p.cpwp-excerpt-text’).addClass(‘cpwp-wrap-text’);
_that.find(‘p.cpwp-excerpt-text’).closest(‘div’).wrap(‘

‘);;
});
return;
},

add : function(_this){
var _that = jQuery(_this);
if (_that.find(‘p.cpwp-excerpt-text’).height() < _that.find('.cat-post-thumbnail').height()) {
_that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('.cpwp-wrap-text-stage').removeClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" );
_that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').addClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" );
}else{
_that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').removeClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" );
_that.find('p.cpwp-excerpt-text').closest('.cpwp-wrap-text-stage').addClass( "cpwp-wrap-text" );
}
return;
},

handleLazyLoading : function(_this) {
var width = jQuery(_this).find('img').width();

if( 0 !== width ){
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.add(_this);
} else {
jQuery(_this).find('img').one("load", function(){
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.add(_this);
});
}
return;
},

setClass : function (widget) {
// var _widget = jQuery(widget);
jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item').each(function(){
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.handleLazyLoading(this);
});
return;
}
}
cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size = {

replace : function(_this){
var _that = jQuery(_this),
resp_w = _that.width(),
resp_h = _that.height(),
orig_w = _that.data('cat-posts-width'),
orig_h = _that.data('cat-posts-height');

if( resp_w < orig_w ){
_that.height( resp_w * orig_h / orig_w );
} else {
_that.height( '' );
}
return;
},

handleLazyLoading : function(_this) {
var width = jQuery(_this).width();

if( 0 !== width ){
cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.replace(_this);
} else {
jQuery(_this).one("load", function(){
cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.replace(_this);
});
}
return;
},
setHeight : function (widget) {
jQuery(widget).find('.cat-post-item img').each(function(){
cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.handleLazyLoading(this);
});
return;
}
}

let widget = jQuery('#category-posts-3-internal');

jQuery( document ).ready(function () {
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.preWrap(widget);
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget);

cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget);

});

jQuery(window).on('load resize', function() {
cat_posts_namespace.layout_wrap_text.setClass(widget);

cat_posts_namespace.layout_img_size.setHeight(widget);

});

}

var advads_tracking_ads = {“1”:[48213,45448,45449,45451,45451]};var advads_tracking_urls = {“1″:”https://news-bulletin.com/wp-content/ajax-handler.php”};var advads_tracking_methods = {“1″:”frontend”};var advads_tracking_parallel = {“1”:false};var advads_tracking_linkbases = {“1″:”https://news-bulletin.com/linkout/”};window.lazyLoadOptions=[{elements_selector:”img[data-lazy-src],.rocket-lazyload”,data_src:”lazy-src”,data_srcset:”lazy-srcset”,data_sizes:”lazy-sizes”,class_loading:”lazyloading”,class_loaded:”lazyloaded”,threshold:300,callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName===”IFRAME”&&element.dataset.rocketLazyload==”fitvidscompatible”){if(element.classList.contains(“lazyloaded”)){if(typeof window.jQuery!=”undefined”){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}},{elements_selector:”.rocket-lazyload”,data_src:”lazy-src”,data_srcset:”lazy-srcset”,data_sizes:”lazy-sizes”,class_loading:”lazyloading”,class_loaded:”lazyloaded”,threshold:300,}];window.addEventListener(‘LazyLoad::Initialized’,function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;if(window.MutationObserver){var observer=new MutationObserver(function(mutations){var image_count=0;var iframe_count=0;var rocketlazy_count=0;mutations.forEach(function(mutation){for(var i=0;i0||iframe_count>0||rocketlazy_count>0){lazyLoadInstance.update()}});var b=document.getElementsByTagName(“body”)[0];var config={childList:!0,subtree:!0};observer.observe(b,config)}},!1)

ROANOKE, Va. – Happy Thursday! Grab your morning coffee and check out the Morning Sprint to find out what’s trending.

The digital-only series is filled with laughter, smiles and stories you won’t want to miss. You can catch it Monday through Friday at 8 a.m.

Don’t be shy! Be sure to join the conversation as we chat about the news of the day.

[Get your tickets now for the Roaring 20s Party presented by Brandon Oaks ✨]

Here are some of the stories we will discuss:

• Some of Nascar’s biggest names head to Pulaski County
• How one hospital is using dance classes to help those living with Parkinson’s Disease
• Central, Southwest Virginia set to see some of the hottest temperatures so far this season

Here’s where you can watch us:

The Sprint can be watched on our website, YouTube account and wherever you stream WSLS 10 weekdays at 8 a.m.

You can also watch it on our 10 News app. Click here to download if you’re an IOS user and here to download if you have an Android.

Be sure to leave a comment. We’d love to hear from you!

Thanks for watching!

Want to know more about the Morning Sprint? Leave us a question using the form below:

Sixth Circuit judges Friday will consider the reach of a new US Supreme Court ruling when they hear Louisville’s appeal of an injunction barring enforcement of its public accommodations law against a Christian photographer who doesn’t want to provide services for same-sex weddings.

In 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis, a 6-3 majority on June 30 ruled in favor of a Christian website designer, holding that the US Constitution requires allowances from public accommodations laws for businesses that engage in expressive activities.

Chelsey Nelson Photography LLC, which won its injunction in August 2022, could see that win upheld because of the justices’ ruling in 303 Creative.

A decision by the US Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit on Louisville’s appeal could be based on a straight application of 303 Creative’s holding that the business’s owner, Lorie Smith, can decline to provide wedding-related services for LGBTQ couples under the First Amendment, attorneys familiar with the case told Bloomberg Law.

Or it could signal that federal courts will struggle to apply 303 Creative’s holding, which some say was driven by unique circumstances, when determining whether other types of public businesses that provide services that include an element of expressive speech or conduct are protected by the First Amendment.

The 303 Creative decision “is not dispositive of this appeal,” Louisville said in a supplemental brief filed at the Sixth Circuit’s request after 303 Creative was decided. The outcome on Smith’s free speech claims turned on stipulated facts and there are numerous contested facts in Chelsey Nelson’s case, the county said.

Chelsey Nelson’s attorney, Jonathan A. Scruggs, told Bloomberg Law that her lawsuit lines up with 303 Creative and “in some ways” presents a clearer case for applying the First Amendment, despite the absence of stipulated facts. Scruggs is with the Alliance Defending Freedom, which also represented Smith in 303 Creative.

Louisville is appealing a summary judgment ruling, so there are “about 900 pages of undisputed facts” before the Sixth Circuit, Scruggs said. The county also conceded that it will enforce its public accommodation ordinance against Chelsey Nelson, he said.

Stipulation’s Significance Debated

Among the stipulated facts in 303 Creative was an agreement that wedding websites Smith said she planned to create will be customized, expressive, and convey her religious belief that marriage is strictly between one man and one woman.

That unique stipulation, which isn’t mirrored in Chelsey Nelson’s case, was key to the majority opinion in 303 Creative, employment litigator Frank B. Shuster said.

From there, the majority’s “constitutional conclusions flowed pretty-easily downhill” and led it to conclude that Smith’s websites are “pure speech” shielded by the First Amendment, Shuster said. The stipulation on expression sealed the fate for Colorado, despite its law barring anti-LGBTQ bias by businesses that offer services or products to the public, he said.

But University of Texas law professor Elizabeth W. Sepper sees the 303 Creative stipulation as a bit of a red herring. Courts can find facts for themselves, she said.

“In some ways, this dispute is so similar to 303,” Sepper said. “You have a wedding vendor” engaged in a type of activity that people might think of as artistic, but doing so through a commercial business.

Louisville’s law is also similar to the one at issue in 303 Creative, the professor said. And Chelsey Nelson, like Smith, doesn’t have much of a track record of providing the type of wedding-related services that she claims will involve expressive content, she said.

From Explicit to Implicit

The two cases, however, may be different in other ways, Sepper said. So a Sixth Circuit ruling for Chelsey Nelson would still expand 303 Creative’s holding, she said.

Chelsey Nelson wants to discriminate both at the moment of engagement and the moment of marriage, Sepper said. That would be one extension of 303 Creative’s holding, she said.

Another would be that 303 Creative focused on written expression while Chelsey Nelson’s case also involves images, Sepper said. A third would be that Colorado had a pattern of enforcing its law in contexts similar to Smith’s. There doesn’t seem to be that past enforcement history in Chelsey Nelson’s case, Sepper said.

The move in Chelsey Nelson’s lawsuit “is to expand from the explicit expression of a message to implicit expression,” Sepper said.

Significant Litigation Predicted

Shuster, litigator Iván Resendiz Gutierrez, and the ACLU—which is backing Louisville as an amicus—all see the potential for a swell of post-303 Creative litigation.

Lower courts are going to grapple with various issues when deciding whether speech or conduct by a business open to the public is expressive and protected by the First Amendment, they said. These will include whose speech it is, the business’s or the customer’s.

There “can be a real overlap” between speech and commercial services, Shuster said. It could be a while before the issue makes its way back to the Supreme Court for a definitive ruling on the contours of the distinctions between protected expression and speech, and unprotected products and services, he said.

It seems like 303 Creative opened the door to “pure speech” arguments in other contexts, Gutierrez said. The dissent in 303 Creative correctly anticipates that there will be significant litigation on these unresolved issues, he said.

Justice Sonia Sotomayor’s dissent uses the example of professional photographers, including those who shoot portraits, take school photos, prepare corporate headshots, and provide passport services.

That portion of the dissent highlights the difficulty of determining when a business engages in pure speech, Gutierrez said. People disagree widely on “what is art.” Some photographers may have a stronger basis for claiming expressive rights than others, he said.

“I don’t think the Supreme Court wants to be in the business of deciding each” public accommodation case based on the specific facts, the ACLU’s Louise Melling said. But the justices invited that approach with their ruling in 303 Creative, which is the first time the court has ever recognized a right to discriminate in the provision of public accommodations, she said.

The ruling was “completely and utterly gutting” to the LGBTQ community and creates “stigmatic harm,” Melling said. Sotomayor “does a gorgeous job of laying that out,” she said.

Nelson’s Team Confident

Scruggs said he’s “very confident that the Sixth Circuit will apply 303 Creative” and rule for Chelsey Nelson.

Chelsey Nelson is also cross-appealing on issues she lost at the district-court level, including whether she can collect compensatory damages.

303 Creative doesn’t resolve those questions, but Chelsey Nelson should still prevail on them on appeal, Chelsey Nelson said in a supplemental brief.

It’s “highly likely” that Louisville will lose its appeal, Sepper said. There also isn’t much chance that the county will seek Supreme Court review if it loses, she said.

The county’s best arguments are that Chelsey Nelson doesn’t seem to be publicly engaged in wedding photography anymore and doesn’t face a credible threat of enforcement, Sepper said.

Real Consequences, Limited Reach

“Every hole you punch in the public accommodation fabric has real consequences for people,” Melling said. A Sixth Circuit ruling against Louisville “would be a further hole in that fabric” when it comes to protections against LGBTQ bias, she said.

But the types of businesses offering services or products to the public that can realistically contend they engage in protected expression or speech are limited, Shuster and Melling said.

The 303 Creative ruling has no application to widget- or hamburger-makers, Shuster said.

Many businesses that oppose LGBTQ rights will nevertheless seek to expand the ruling’s reach, Melling said. The important thing is to fight against that expansion going forward, she said.

The 303 Creative decision “is a great thing,” Scruggs said. Governments shouldn’t be forcing a person to say things that the person doesn’t believe in, he said.

The ruling “works both ways,” Scruggs said. It protects LGBTQ photographers just like it protects Chelsey Nelson, he said.

The county attorney’s office declined Bloomberg Law’s request for comment. Kaplan Johnson Abate & Bird LLP also represents Louisville.

Additional amici in the case include the Kentucky Commission on Human Rights, Americans United for Separation of Church and State and others, Kentucky and 20 other states, and the owners of an Oregon bakery, Sweet Cakes by Melissa.

The case is Chelsey Nelson Photography LLC v. Louisville-Jefferson Cty., Ky., Metro Gov’t, 6th Cir., No. 22-05884, oral argument 7/28/23.