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AI and the future of professional photography: evolution, not extinction

AI and the future of professional photography: evolution, not extinction

In the era of artificial intelligence, industries across the board have been subject to transformative changes. The photography industry, like many others, is poised at the precipice of a revolution. The rise of generative AI, capable of creating unique, never-before-seen images in response to a given prompt, threatens to upend the conventional norms of professional photography. But does this signify the death of an industry, or merely its evolution?

The capabilities of AI have grown at an astonishing rate, with its algorithms creating art, composing music, and even writing text that is nearly indistinguishable from human work. The arrival of AI systems that can create realistic images based on specific briefs presents an undeniable potential for disruption in the realm of professional photography.

This evolution calls into question the very relevance of traditional, human-centric stock imagery and commissioned shoots. With the costs associated with AI-driven image creation expected to decrease over time, the prospect of generative AI replacing certain aspects of the photography market seems plausible. After all, why would a picture editor pay for stock imagery when AI can generate it quickly and economically?

Yet, as alarming as this prospect might seem for professional photographers, it is crucial to consider the whole picture. While the capabilities of AI are impressive, there is an array of elements intrinsic to human-driven photography that, as of yet, remains out of reach for AI.

Photography, at its heart, is not just about snapping pictures—it is a form of communication, telling stories through a blend of technical skill, creative instinct, and an eye for detail. It is about capturing moments, evoking emotions, and creating narratives. This nuanced understanding of context, empathy, and the human condition is something AI currently lacks, despite its impressive strides.

Moreover, there’s a significant element of human experience that feeds into a photographer’s work—understanding a client’s needs, their personalities, their brand ethos, and more. These subtle, yet critical, nuances often make the difference between a good photograph and a great one. Until AI can demonstrate this level of sophistication, there will always be a niche for professional photographers.

So, what’s next for the professionals? Will they become obsolete in this brave new world of generative AI? Far from it. Rather than fearing the rise of AI, it would be more constructive to embrace it as a tool that can elevate their craft.

Generative AI can help alleviate the mundane tasks and allow photographers to focus more on creativity and innovation. It can serve as an aid, providing preliminary drafts that photographers can build upon, thus augmenting their capabilities rather than replacing them outright. Photographers can also harness AI to offer a greater range of services and open up new avenues for their businesses.

The future will likely see a blend of AI and human creativity, with each pushing the other to new heights. The intersection of photography and AI is not a death knell but rather an opportunity for photographers to explore new terrains, push their creative boundaries, and redefine their roles in this evolving landscape.

Change is inevitable. Like every other industry disrupted by technology, professional photography must adapt. However, one thing remains certain amidst this flux: as long as there is a need for human connection, empathy, and creative expression, there will be a need for the human touch in photography, AI or not. So, rather than killing the market for professional photography, generative AI might just breathe new life into it.

When aesthetic mobility meets mobile photography

When aesthetic mobility meets mobile photography
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As the twins spent more time with the IONIQ 5, they were thrilled to discover how well it could integrate with their creative workflow.

They were particularly impressed with the V2L (Vehicle-to-Load) feature, an innovative technology facilitated by the IONIQ 5’s electric powertrain. V2L allows the car to function as a large power bank on wheels, providing electricity to various devices such as laptops and lighting equipment through an external socket on the car’s charging port or an internal V2L socket located under the back row of seats.

For professional photographers like the Yusmans, a reliable power source is invaluable and V2L enables them to keep their gear charged and ready to capture those fleeting moments. They also appreciate having all the power they need to work on post-production and editing without any interruptions to their creative flow due to low-battery issues.

“Today’s mobile phones can endure for quite some time, but you may need to charge your laptop, especially if you’ve been using it to run demanding applications, like editing photos or videos for a few hours. This ability to charge your devices is a feature I would definitely look out for in a car,” said Yais.

The IONIQ 5 itself is no slouch in the charging department. When plugged into a 350kW DC charger, its battery can be recharged from 10 per cent to 80 per cent in just 18 minutes.

A FLEXIBLE SPACE

The legal danger of southern hospitality — A Case Against Cutting Tomatoes at The Fayetteville Farmers Market

The legal danger of southern hospitality — A Case Against Cutting Tomatoes at The Fayetteville Farmers Market

— OPINION —

Editor’s note: This is part of a series of papers written by students in the Food Safety Litigation class taught by Professors Bill Marler and Denis Stearns in the LL.M. Program in Agricultural and Food Law at the University of Arkansas School of Law.

You hear them say, “Oh my God, I love it so much,” with happiness in their voice, a smile on their face, eagerness in their demeanor, and love in their eyes. You’ll be curious find out the object of their affection. If you look closely, you might be dismayed to see that it’s simply a tomato fruit. In fact, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled more than 125 years ago that a tomato is a vegetable rather than a fruit for the purposes of tariffs, imports, and customs, but I digress.

The southern region of the United States is known for its warm welcomes, politeness that isn’t pretentious, and genuine helpfulness. Strangers are made to feel welcome in a Southern house by the practice known as southern hospitality.

Corporate America has discovered a way to use Southern hospitality as a weapon that makes customers feel welcome in corporate spaces. Shops feel like home for customers. When they enter any place of business, American customers have come to expect to be welcomed like guests in a Southern house.

“For all its ups and downs, Walmart is no doubt a genuine American institution.”
“In our culture, we have excessively high expectations,” Robin Kowalski, a psychology professor at Business School told Vox in an interview.

“The way we evaluate things is a function of expectations…If we’re used to a level of customer service, which Americans are, and then things change, like prices go up or things slow down, the violation of that expectation is what causes disappointment, anger, all of these sorts of things,” Deborah Small, a marketing professor of psychology at Wharton was quoted in the same Vox interviewer.

Meeting expectation of consumers is the vehicle on which businesses and to a large extend the American society run. “Consumer society, in fact, is not just about the satisfaction of needs, but in many ways, it is about the forms through which we view the world and our position within it … The arrival of consumer society during the last one hundred years has transformed not only our material existence but also our ontology, our very being itself.”

Walmart became the largest retailer in the world by perfecting meeting the needs of the American consumer.

Walmart’s genuine Americanness, however, was the cause of its failure in Germany. One of the American practices was requiring sale clerks to smile at customers. In Germany, customers interpreted the smiling to be flirting. “People found these things strange; Germans just don’t behave that way,” said Hans-Martin Poschmann, the secretary of the Walmart employees’ union told the New York Times in 2006, when Walmart pulled out of Germany after almost a decade of failing to make profit in the market. People do not expect their business to have a personal touch to it in Germany and as the New York Times pointed out, in other countries.

The Arkansas native-founded Walmart is not the only company that perfected the art of adding a personal touch to doing business. Georgia-based Delta Airlines, for example, touted its personal touch as a show of their Southern hospitality.

“Delta garnered the reputation for being a service-oriented southern airline with all the graciousness the Southern Hospitality is an expression that has historically been used to refer to the graciousness and civility that is associated with people from the southern part of the United States.

“It is no exaggeration to say that we are among the nicest people you are likely to meet,” Writer Florence King is quoted to have said.

“The most common qualities of southern hospitality include politeness, charm, kindness, helpfulness, and charity. These qualities are seen as aligning with the idea of what it means to be a good host.”

Southern Hospitality is often on full display at the Fayetteville Downtown Square every Saturday since 1974 when a city ordinance designated that space to be used as the Fayetteville Farmer’s Market. The setting at the market is relaxed, pleasant, inviting, and welcoming. To make customers feel like friends, farmers extend a kind greeting to their booth, inquire about their personal life, and enthusiastically volunteer information about their personal lives.

The market’s small-town neighborhood atmosphere can occasionally conceal the reality that it is a business district governed by laws established by the Fayetteville City Council and different departments of the state of Arkansas.

The primary laws that govern the market are summarized in the Farmers’ Market Vendor Guide. The latest guided of the document was drafted by the Arkansas Department of Health and Arkansas Department of Agriculture in September 2021.

The Guide quotes Arkansas State Act 1040 of 2021, allowing the sale of Non Time/Temperature Control for Safety (Non-TCS) Foods directly to consumers.

Non-TCS Foods was defined as “food that does not require time or temperature control for safety to limit pathogenic microorganism growth or toxin production and as defined in the rules of the Department of Health.”

“Uncut fresh fruits and vegetables” were explicitly named to fall under the non-TCS foods. The Guide named Ready-to-eat foods as food, which are covered under the non-TCS foods.

“Any ready–to-eat food that is prepared on site or any food that is provided to the consumer in a non- prepackaged form can only be sold or served from an ADH permitted and inspected facility. Any establishment preparing, selling, or serving any of these food items must fully comply with the Arkansas Department of Health’s Rules and Regulations.”

A tomato is a non-TCS food, however, a cut tomato may be considered a ready-to-eat food. And there lies the issue.

“The intention of the regulations that do exist is to mitigate the risk of foodborne illness. Any time a food is “processed” the risk for pathogens to contaminate the food is increased. As such the rules allow a vendor to offer an uncut cherry tomato as a sample, or a small muffin, but if the vendor has to cut the product in order to offer a sample (like slice a tomato or slice bread) it must be either pre-prepared in a commercial ADH inspected kitchen, or the vendor must have appropriate prep means at the market, that have been inspected and approved by an ADH Health inspector (similar to the requirements for businesses like Food Trucks or our sellers who prepare drinks like coffee at market)”, Julia Den Herder, one of the managers of the Fayetteville Farmers’ Market and a vendor herself, explains the distinction in an email.

A tomato fruit (or vegetable) is a non-TCS food but when it is cut and offered to the consumer, it is considered a ready-to-eat food which will require the permission of the Arkansas Department of Health to be sold on the market.

The American consumer, who is accustomed to getting what they want, purchases tomatoes for their appearance, texture, flavor, and aroma. The consumer can evaluate the tomato’s appearance and texture fairly with an uncut tomato (just by touching it). It provides no indication of its taste. Before making a final decision, the customer wants to taste the fruit. Although the tomato cannot be taste- tested if the customer purchases it from a Walmart, the Fayetteville Market’s relaxed attitude leads the customer to believe that this is exempted from the grocery store’s guidelines that Walmart is governed by.

The seller informs the customer that “the market does not permit us to offer samples to consumers” in order to please the customer while upholding the graciousness associated with Southern Hospitality. The supplier gives the customer a better deal. “I will offer you a sample in secret,” he says. “Come inside my booth so I may cut it for you in private.” The customer accepts the sample based on the seller’s claim after believing both claims provided by the vendor. The vendor has thus misrepresented the rules on sampling to the customer, in their bid to be polite.

“The market does not have policies that make it illegal to offer samples to buyers; however, sampling food products is regulated by ADH and RMPE rules about offering samples are in compliance with those regulations. Some of these rules are consistent with grocery store requirements for food sampling (like needing a three compartment sink for appropriate sanitation) and some are specific to Farmers Markets due to the nature of markets being distinct from other retail environments”, Julia Den Herder clarified.

The vendor has thus opened himself up to legal issues by the “innocent of politeness” that the “market does not allow us to offer samples.” Under Arkansas law, fraudulent inducement to contract (making a sale being a contract) is considered both a criminal offense and a ground for voiding a contract. The Arkansas Supreme Court explained the effect of fraudulent inducement in Wal-Mart Stores v. Coughlin.

Each situation in a food safety lawsuit has a slightly different liability. Some of it directly affects the market, and some of it affects the vendor. For instance, the Arkansas Department of Health will decide who is responsible in cases of food poisoning after looking into the source of the infection; if the vendor is discovered to be the pathogen’s original source, they will be held accountable. The market will find it simpler to hold the vendor entirely responsible if there has been misrepresentation.

Even though southern hospitality is generally excellent, it is not an acceptable alternative to a direct, firm response to a request, whether the response is a yes or a no.

About the author: Anthony Owura-Akuaku is a Former Paralegal, 1st Law Legal Practitioners/Consultants and Former Communications Assistant to the President, Musicians Union of Ghana LL.B., Central University Secondary School Certificate, Business, St. Peter’s Boys’ Senior Secondary School.

WeWork modernises brand identity with bolder and more functional new look

WeWork modernises brand identity with bolder and more functional new look

Global coworking space provider WeWork has unveiled a revitalised brand identity that aims to modernise the brand while maintaining its soul as it looks to bring the brand into a new era.

The rebrand was led by WeWork  and creative brand agency Franklyn and consists of an updated logo, colour scheme, hand-drawn illustrations of people and spaces, and a custom typeface that will be available on all WeWork channels.

Don’t miss: Kraft Singles gets whole new look in rebrand

Consumers can expect to see changes as WeWork updates their assets on a global scale on digital, social, internal and external communications as well as through member touch points across its locations worldwide and on its app.

“As WeWork members, we have firsthand experience of the magic you feel working in a WeWork space,” said Patrick Richardson, co-founder, Franklyn. “WeWork blurs the line between art and science, emotion and intellect; and it was this duality that inspired the company’s new visual identity.”

WeWork’s new logo retains the subtle curves and lowercase approach of the original with a more functional design that can be easily scaled by connecting the lines of the top of the W.

The new custom typeface, titled “WeWork Serif” was developed by A+ in collaboration with Franklyn and creates continuity between the logo and copy for brand consistency which will complement the secondary typeface, Aperçu Pro, for body copy.

With regard to the introduced secondary colour palette, the saturated pastels of blue, mustard, coral and lilac complement the black and white logo and showcase the brand’s more diverse personality.

The new brand identity also comes with new hand-drawn illustrations to encourage continuity in the brand system by carrying the human element of the office to the brand and showcases WeWork’s product range and amenities.

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Additionally, WeWork will be doubling down on their photography approach by utilising detailed shots to exhibit the functionality and human centric design of their spaces and how they can be used.

WeWork joins a list of brands who have updated their identities with modern and refreshed looks this year. One of which is soft drink brand Fanta which recently rebranded with a bolder and more vibrant look.

The refreshed look features brighter, more colourful and more vibrant colours as well as an updated and more simplified wordmark with the removal of the classic orange circle and green leaf. The rebranding, which was led by Coca-Cola’s global design team and creative agency Jones Knowles Ritchie, reportedly aims to inspire people to find the fun in life and to “make the plain playful” with a look that remains “unmistakably Fanta”. 

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Stepping Through Film: Man trots globe blending scenes into film locations

Stepping Through Film: Man trots globe blending scenes into film locations
Movie Luca inspired by Cinque Terra on the Italian RivieraThomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

An Essex photographer who turned a “passion project” into a full-time job that has taken him around the world said it had been a “truly amazing adventure”.

As a film student, Thomas Duke, 24, started lining up scenes from movies or TV series with the locations where they were shot or inspired by, and took photographs of the result.

He put his examples of the technique, known as rephotography, on social media and gained a following.

Soon he was approached by companies to celebrate film releases or locations and now, under his Stepping Through Film banner, he has gained almost 300,000 followers on Instagram and 131,000 on Facebook and works at it full-time.

Thomas Duke

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

The photographer, from Newport near Saffron Walden, said he always wanted to be an animator and studied film and TV.

It was while at university in London that location photography became a separate hobby.

He said: “I’ve always liked travel and going to film locations and I love photography, so I thought, why not put them together?

“It’s a passion project and is something I never thought I would do [as a job] – it was just marketing on social media, really, it’s quite surreal.”

The process involves printing as many shots of the film or TV show as he can and then lining everything up as closely as possible when he finds the location.

“I love trying to get it as perfect as possible,” he said.

“I’m always excited to see what might have changed from when it was filmed. Is the building the same, is anything different?”

Mr Duke said he tried his first photograph using this technique at the National Portrait Gallery, where a scene for 007 blockbuster Skyfall was shot.

Ben Wishart and Daniel Craig in Skyfall pictured in the National Portrait Gallery

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

He went on to take many images around London, including visiting Whitehall, where Atonement with James McEvoy was filmed, and photographing outside the Ministry of Defence, where the Edge of Tomorrow was shot – an experience he described as “quite scary”.

“They don’t allow you to take photos of it, so you have to ask permission and a security guard comes with you,” he said.

He was first approached to take photos professionally in 2019 to celebrate where the new Men in Black movie had been filmed in the capital.

The Full Monty cast filmed in Sheffield

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

Cameron Diaz in The Holiday in Shere, Surrey

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

Since then he has travelled in the UK and around the world and captured moments like the final beach scene from Netflix hit Heartstoppers in Herne Bay, and he has been in Sheffield for his latest project on the new TV spin-off of The Full Monty film.

Rowan Atkinson in Johnny English pictured inside St Albans Cathedral

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

With Hertfordshire’s growth as a filming county, he has worked with Visit Herts to promote screen tourism.

He has been to St Albans Cathedral, where madcap spy Johnny English, played by Rowan Atkinson, was crowned King. He has also worked at Knebworth House, the site of about 90 films, and Hatfield House, recognisable in The Favourite, Bridgerton, Charlie and The Chocolate Factory and more.

Netflix's Heartstopper scene at the location where it was shot

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

Earlier this year, the South Carolina Tourist Board asked Mr Duke to record all the films that had been shot there, including The Notebook and Forrest Gump.

He said that at “particularly iconic locations”, like The Notebook house, it felt “surreal” not only to think the actors had stood there, but also that “a story that has touched millions of lives around the world was right there”.

“There’s only one spot for this story and that never changes,” he said.

The Notebook scene at the house where it was shot

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

Beach scenes were among the most difficult to get right, he said, especially if the weather was bad – such as when he went to a windy Dunkirk.

It was also hard to find some locations in animated films like areas of Paris for Ratatouille and Regent’s Park for 101 Dalmatians.

But at the same time, he said animation was a favourite genre because it was “more of an art form”.

“I love how animation is inspired by the real world around us and that inspires me to see what can be created,” he said.

The “most magical” experience for him was going to the Cinque Terra on the Italian Riviera, where the Pixar team went for inspiration for Luca.

“I stayed where they stayed and with the crystal blue waters, it really looked the same as the animated world,” he said.

Spiderman at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

The coronavirus lockdowns were also difficult for the travel enthusiast, but he said it just “forced me to be more creative”.

“I couldn’t help trying some supermarket shots from films in my local Sainsbury’s, such as from Elf and Hot Fuzz,” he said.

“I also did A Bug’s Life in my back garden – I cut out tiny pictures of the characters and stuck them amongst the tiny blades of grass.

“I just tried to work with what I had.”

Hot Fuzz photo shot in a Sainsbury's store

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

A Bug's Life still shot in the garden

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

In the future, he said he would like to go to Iceland, as many of his favourite films were made there.

“Interstellar used an ice glacier as a stand in for another planet and then there was Batman Begins, Game of Thrones and the Secret Life of Walter Mitty with Ben Stiller,” he said.

Emma Corrin and Harry Styles in My Policeman on Brighton beach

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

Number 12 Trim Street, Bath in Bridgerton

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

As well as the excitement of visiting a location, he said he loved how his images sparked conversations about film.

“It’s always lovely [on social media] to talk about a film, why we love it, our favourite moments and how the location was found,” he said.

“I have no idea if I’ll be doing my photography forever,” he added. “It’s been a truly amazing adventure whatever the case and I have so many memories from it all.”

Photo of Eleven in Stranger Things in the supermarket where the scene was shot

Thomas Duke/Stepping Through Film

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Prudence urged in street photography

Prudence urged in street photography
image
[Photo/VCG]

Unauthorized snapshots may infringe on portrait rights, lawyers cautioned

Whether street photography and filming constitute infringements of privacy and portrait rights was the topic of heated discussion on Chinese social media platforms over the past week after a former State-owned enterprise official was filmed in public holding hands with a woman.

The controversy involving Hu Jiyong, a general manager of a Beijing-based company affiliated with China National Petroleum Engineering Corp (CPEC), arose when a video clip of him strolling along a street in Chengdu, Sichuan province, holding hands with a young woman went viral on Wednesday. CPEC is a subsidiary of China National Petroleum Corp.

Netizens quickly identified Hu, who was on a business trip to Chengdu, and noted that the woman was neither his wife nor his daughter.

On Wednesday afternoon, Hu, who served as the executive director, Party secretary and general manager of Huanqiu Project Management (Beijing) Co, was removed from his posts and placed under disciplinary investigation, according to a release issued by the company.

The incident, dubbed “hand-holding gate” by some media organizations, quickly topped the most-searched list last week on various social media platforms. It also sparked heated public discussion of whether street photography can constitute an infringement of privacy.

On Thursday. the photographer in question told Dahe Daily, a news portal in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan, that he received messages from Hu and the woman after posting the video online and that he had removed it from the internet.

He said that neither Hu nor his companion objected to being photographed at the time and that he would not take photos or videos of people if they were unwilling, much less post them online.

“Taking photos or videos on the street, as was the case in Chengdu, doesn’t infringe upon the right of privacy, because the street is public space,” said Yi Shenghua, a lawyer at Beijing Yongzhe Law Firm. “But the act can infringe upon a person’s right of portrait.”

Wang Weiwei, a lawyer at Beijing Zhongwen Law Firm, explained that if photographers take photos of passersby without their permission and post them publicly, or use the images for profit, they could be guilty of violating the portrait rights of those photographed.

Under the Civil Code, all residents hold the legal rights to their portraits. Without the owner’s permission, portraits may not be posted, copied, published, rented exhibited, or used in other public areas.

But if portraits relate to the public interest, such as is the case with news reports, performance of duty or supervision, or are used for personal studies or for illustrating a specific public environment, they can be posted without permission, according to Shan Yanwei, a lawyer at the Bluerule Law Firm in Henan.

All the lawyers interviewed have called for street photographers to abide by the law and respect the legitimate rights of passersby, and suggested prudence while working on the street to ensure their behavior complies with the law, ethics and morals.

“This doesn’t mean that street photography should be completely rejected because of this incident, but photographers and citizens should be more aware of the legal risks of taking public photos and be careful not to create disputes,” Wang added.

While the Chengdu photo resulted in scandal for the former official, it also brought the city’s Taikoo Li, a business and fashion zone, back into the public focus.

With the rapid development and popularity of short videos in recent years, Taikoo Li in Chengdu, like other areas such as Sanlitun in Beijing and Anfu Road in Shanghai, has become a favorite spot for visitors, including online celebrities and fashion stars, to take photos and make videos. They are also popular locations among street photographers.

On Thursday, when Jimu News visited Chengdu Taikoo Li, it found that yellow notices had been placed along the street reminding passersby to be more aware of protecting their right of portrait and clarifying that filming shoppers would not be supported.

Service staff at Taikoo Li told the news portal that the signboards have been in place for several years, but that it was still possible to take photos in the area.

They pointed out that taking photos for business purposes requires permission, but that there was no restriction on private photography.

Beijing’s Sanlitun Taikoo Li also issued a “street photography reminder” on Friday evening, stating that there are multiple warning signs in prominent locations in the popular shopping area, reminding customers to be more aware of protecting their personal portrait rights.

Sanlitun Taikoo Li does not support any unauthorized commercial photography and has a formal application channel for commercial photography, it said.

He’s best known for the Sunbaker, but one chapter of photographer Max Dupain’s life remains largely forgotten

He’s best known for the Sunbaker, but one chapter of photographer Max Dupain’s life remains largely forgotten

It was a single black-and-white image of a young man lying on an Australian beach that defined the career of photographer Max Dupain.    

But two years before the Sunbaker was captured in 1937, the Sydney-born artist agreed to an assignment that led him far from the beaches and into the heart of north Queensland’s sugarcane country.

It’s a project that photographer and Mr Dupain’s studio manager of more than 30 years, Jill White, says has been largely forgotten.

Max Dupain captures two haul-out drivers in north Queensland in 1952.()

“They’re not images that collectors would necessarily have in their collection,” she says.

“CSR Limited [Colonial Sugar Refining Company] wanted him to go up and cover the stories and different aspects of the cane growing in the mills.”

Photographed in 1937, Sunbaker remains Max Dupain’s most recognisable work.()

Recognised as one of the most prolific Australian photographers of the 20th century, Dupain journeyed through the cane fields of the Burdekin, Ingham, and Innisfail capturing the stories of the workers, families, and children who made their living on the land.

But the resulting works, captured over 40 years, have largely escaped the public eye.

A ‘very long and very diverse’ career

Born in Sydney in 1911, Dupain’s professional career spanned more than 60 years predominantly documenting the Australian landscape.

But it was after Dupain opened his photography studio in 1934 when CSR, which operated sugar mills across north Queensland, became his first commercial customer the following year.

Boy on tractor was photographed by Dupain in 1952.()

Ms White says Dupain’s main photographic expedition occurred in the 1950s and he returned to the region on multiple trips until the late 1970s.   

“I think he enjoyed getting away and getting up and doing something different out in the open air,” Ms White says.

“There was a lot of preparation for jobs like that when they were away for a week or so because he couldn’t necessarily just go down to the corner shop and buy rolls of black-and-white film.

“He worked with minimal equipment. He didn’t have loads of different lenses and that sort of thing. He kept things very simple.”

Dupain spent time in the Burdekin district in 1952 and photographed children helping out with the harvest.()

Wayne Tunnicliffe is the head curator of Australian art at the Art Gallery of NSW, which holds the majority of the Queensland collection. He says Dupain’s partnership with CSR was a crucial part of establishing his practice in his early career.

“Max Dupain was the most prominent commercial photographer in Australia in that period, so they [CSR] have gone for the best,” Mr Tunnicliffe says.

“There were very few opportunities to show photographs in an art context in the 1960s and little chance of generating income.

“The sugar cane is just a small component of his work for CSR … he’s photographing other factories, pastoral properties, all sorts of aspects of their very broad operation through Australia.”

Wayne Tunnicliffe from the Art Gallery of NSW says Max Dupain’s work embodies the “spirit of Australia”.()

Despite the commercial nature of the project, Mr Tunnicliffe says Dupain maintained an enormous amount of freedom in his photography, resulting in “incredibly powerful” images.

“What [CSR] seem to have done is not asked for just a straightforward documentary approach, but wanting something more than that,” he says.

“You can clearly get a sense of Max looking for these singular images, which convey an experience and almost an emotional tenor, and that is very much part of his practice.

“The composition and the sense of light and space really transcends pure documentary and becomes quite a poetic implication of place.”

Two figures are dwarfed by piles of processed sugar in a Queensland warehouse in 1950.()

The Australian spirit on camera

The collection was donated by CSR to the Art Gallery of NSW and Queensland Art Gallery of Modern Art (QAGOMA) during the 1980s when they featured as part of an exhibition marking 200 years of refinery operations in Australia.

Australian photographer Max Dupain in 1939.()

It is believed to be the first recorded time they were displayed in public, and since then they haven’t been seen as a collection for more than 30 years.

“They sort of don’t come out for long periods of time … with works on paper, we have to consider things like resting them when they’re on display for a certain time to just keep the quality of them,” Michael Hawker, curator of Australian art at QAGOMA, says.

“Dupain is a photographer you don’t naturally associate with Queensland.

“We sort of tend to think of Dupain with those great major images like the Sunbaker, which is capturing the ethos of Australia … but he was getting out there in the outback in industrial and working environments as well.”

Children in the Burdekin watch as whole sticks of cane are transported by loco.()

Even after Dupain’s death in 1992, Mr Hawker says the timeless qualities of his work continue to resonate with modern audiences.

“I think he just captured a quintessential idea of what Australia is,” he says.

“He was very much at the forefront of art photography at the time and influenced a lot of younger photographers who are coming through after him.”

BOMB Magazine

BOMB Magazine
A bearded man wearing a purple robe holds a cluster of white lillies in front of a purple curtain.

Sean Fader, Lillies, 2023, archival inkjet print, custom gold lead frame, digital video, 40 × 30 inches. Courtesy of Sean Fader and Denny Gallery.

When Sean Fader and I happened to be on the same Zoom call in the summer of 2022, we quickly decided that the virtual encounter had to be followed by an in-person one. As we were both teaching at New York University, we agreed to meet in front of Bobst Library and walk over to Julius, the oldest gay bar in New York City. We had barely set two steps when it started pouring rain, and as Fader cheerfully picked up his pace without a hint of annoyance, I knew we would be fast friends. What’s a little rain when martinis and glitter in a historically queer space are on the horizon?

As I became more familiarized with Fader’s work, it occurred to me that Julius offered a compelling analogy to his artistic practice; in both cases, the camp appearance on the surface is steeped in a multilayered queer history. For many years now, Fader has utilized photography to navigate a tension between the historical and the contemporary. Working with the digital image, Fader’s photographs engage with an aesthetics of abundance to comment on queer identity, past and present. For his second solo exhibition at Denny Gallery, Fader takes on the role of sugar daddy to explore not only the queer attachment to the term but also its colonialist history.

—Ksenia M. Soboleva

Ksenia M. Soboleva Your Sugar Daddy (2021–23) project cleverly weaves together the history and etymology of the sugar daddy with the personal life of Danielle Steel. How did you discover the connection between these two?

Sean Fader When I was living in New Orleans, I was invited to become a member of Antenna Gallery, an artist collective and gallery. We were selected to be a satellite exhibition for Prospect.5, New Orleans’s big triennial. The collective decided the theme of the group show would be sugar. During the pandemic, I had developed a belly and my beard had grown out quite a bit. The boys in the local bars started calling me “daddy.” So the moment we decided the theme would be sugar, I knew I wanted to focus on the sugar daddy. I had no idea that I would end up researching the history of San Francisco and Steel’s life. A quick internet search on the etymology of sugar daddy led me directly to Alma de Breteville Spreckels, and I am obsessed with her.

Alma grew up dirt poor in San Francisco but ended up marrying Adolf Spreckels, heir to the Spreckels Sugar Company fortune. Alma began to call him her “sugar daddy” because his money came from sugar, and he was the same age as her father. The phrase is as literal as it gets! In 1912, they built Alma’s dream house at 1080 Washington Avenue at the crest of a hill in Pacific Heights. Steel purchased Alma’s fifteen-thousand-square-foot home in 1990. I thought to myself: Steel bought the house of Alma and her sugar daddy! Then I started reading about Steel, and I got obsessed all over again with another fabulous woman!

The show focuses on these two amazing characters and where their lives overlap; and, of course, I use my obsession and my own body as a foil to tease out some of these stories, including my unfounded theory that this world of excess in a historically queer, Gold Rush city—San Francisco—influenced the history of leather daddy culture.

A thin gold necklace with the word Daddy as a pendant rests against a hairy chest.

Sean Fader, Daddy, 2023, archival inkjet print, custom gold lead frame, digital video, 20 × 15 inches. Courtesy of Sean Fader and Denny Gallery.

KMS How do you grapple with or navigate the violent colonial history that the term sugar daddy is rooted in?

SF Well, I think what you are really getting at is the history of sugar and its fundamental connection to wealth, capitalism, and colonialism. It is impossible to understate sugar’s historic and continuing geopolitical influence on the planet even today. In some way, I sidestepped that history when I decided my piece for Antenna’s sugar show would focus on sugar daddies. As a white male transplant to New Orleans, I felt that I was the wrong person to talk about sugar’s violent history on the people of New Orleans and the land; in the context of the Antenna exhibition, many of the artists in the show made work explicitly addressing the racial and ecological violence embedded in the production of sugar. However, pretty soon after starting this work, I realized that I was walking right into the history of sugar and gold wealth in San Francisco, which has its own distinct colonial legacy.

Spreckels Sugar, Alma’s sugar daddy’s company, was founded on colonial exploitation of Hawaiian land and extractivist economies dependent on migrant labor. It goes to show that it is impossible for anyone who participates in the art market to actually distance oneself from the violent histories of colonialism and capitalism. Wealth and power are baked into its DNA.

A bag of sugar with blue words on it rests on a table in front of a purple curtain.

Sean Fader, Spreckels Sugar, 2023, archival inkjet print, custom gold lead frame, digital video, 20 × 15 inches. Courtesy of Sean Fader and Denny Gallery.

KMS There is a familiar yet distinct camp aesthetic to your photographs and installations. With the spiked interest mainstream culture has expressed in camp aesthetics over the last few years—think Met Gala, for example—how do we keep camp queer?

SF Recently, I was speaking to a queer studies class at NYU about my work. The professor was talking about queerness being inherently about a rejection of normalcy and even celebrating being an outsider. One of the students pointed out that their experience was quite the opposite. For their generation, growing up in a liberal community, it was deeply uncool to come out as straight. I’m not going to lie; it made me a little sad. I had worked so hard to turn the pointing fingers and name-calling of my youth into a badge of honor. I am not upset that some young queer people aren’t growing up tortured by the world around them, but what saddens me is that there are some people who are claiming queerness because it’s trendy. “Pinkwashing”—this idea of selling queerness and marketing it—demonstrates how capitalism weaponizes marginal identities when there is money to be made. I also have to remind myself that queerness and camp are fluid and ever-changing. Camp is about a secret language that the queers speak, a secret humor that only we get. Yes, some of it pops into straight, hetero mainstream; but we will always find ways to hide in plain sight, flagging and recognizing ourselves in small ways just outside the mainstream. How about us queers learn and update Polari; let’s start a new hanky code based on John Waters movies and Lisa Frank’s school supplies!

A man wearing a pink hat sits in a chair while a man wearing a blue suit stands next to a small table with a typewriter and books on it.

Sean Fader, Sugar Daddy I, 2021, archival inkjet print, custom gold lead frame, digital video, 44 × 78 inches. Courtesy of Sean Fader and Denny Gallery.

KMS Social media is another subject of inquiry in your practice. What are the benefits and the challenges of engaging with social media as part of your work?

SF I always think about social media as a tool and a weapon. Ultimately, I’m still optimistic about it. When people talk to me about how evil social media is and how much damage it is doing to people, I often notice that they are part of prevailing cultural norms. For queer people, social media is often one of the first places where we can find people to flirt with and those who celebrate our bodies and way of life. I think social media is a part of the rich history of queer communications: the smell of lavender, green carnations, Polari, hanky code, nail flagging, now Grindr, Tinder, and Instagram. It’s a way to feel seen in a cis het norm sea.

My undergraduate degree is a BFA in musical theater, so my practice is very influenced by years of obsessing about how my actions are being read by others. Because of that, I think about the photographic event as the site of performance and how we queers are using photography to see and be seen, destroy normative ideas of bodies, and celebrate and support our community in digital public spaces. Photography is going from being controlled by the few to the many. It’s time for us to be seen and to shape our own visual narratives.

KMS Much of your practice explores the role of the digital image. What are the ways in which this role has changed over time, and what does this mean for analog photography?

SF I grew up with a darkroom in my basement because my mother was a photo hobbyist. I loved that space, and I loved the magic of the darkroom. There will always be a place for analog photography. I think what most fascinates me about the digital image, which is in stark opposition to analog, is that digital photography is in the hands of the masses, and there are digital public spaces like Instagram for everyone to see and be seen in. We live in a world where 3.2 billion images are shared online every day by millions of people! As a result, digital images are fluid. They are traded as currency: I’ll show you mine if you show me yours. They morph into memes, and those memes morph into sub-memes and raise families of memes. They represent us, or who we believe we are, or who we want people to believe we are. They reflect us, often when we don’t want to see ourselves. They show us all the possibilities of the people we can be and the ways we can live our lives. That sounds pretty queer to me!

Sean Fader: Sugar Daddy: Dear Danielle is on view at Denny Gallery in New York City until June 24.

See the Mediterranean as it was captured in some of the earliest surviving photographs

See the Mediterranean as it was captured in some of the earliest surviving photographs

A scholar, artist and heir to a considerable fortune, Joseph-Philibert Girault de Prangey set off from his native France in 1842 for a tour of the historic archeology of the Eastern Mediterranean. But, more than just an eager sightseer, Girault de Prangey planned to capture such famed structures as the Acropolis in Athens and the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem via daguerreotype – the world’s first publicly accessible photographic process – with the intent of publishing and selling his images. These pictures, as well as the additional street scenes and cityscapes he would capture along the way, would eventually become historic in their own right, in some cases representing the oldest surviving photographs of the places depicted. However, as this video essay from the YouTube channel Kings and Things details, these remarkable images would go almost entirely unseen until the 1920s, some three decades after Girault de Prangey’s death. Inviting viewers to retrace this photographer’s footsteps, the video presents a riveting window onto the Eastern Mediterranean as it existed nearly two centuries ago, at the dawn of the photographic age. For more from Kings and Things, watch The Impossible Architecture of Étienne-Louis Boullée.