Israeli tanks and troops have penetrated deep into Gaza, encircling towns and cities, severing main roads and engaging in intense urban combat with Hamas and other militants from the north to the south.

Israel’s government has vowed to fight the war until Hamas, which has ruled Gaza since 2007, is destroyed.

But according to satellite imagery, airstrike data and U.N. damage assessments, Israel has prosecuted its war in Gaza at a pace and level of destruction that probably exceeds any recent conflict, possibly including one of the highest civilian casualty rates in the 21st century.